TLDR: A catapult is a device used to launch objects without using gunpowder. It uses stored energy to propel the object. Catapults have been used since ancient times and can range from simple handheld devices to mechanisms for launching aircraft.

A catapult is a type of weapon that was used in ancient and medieval times to launch projectiles over long distances. It doesn't use gunpowder or any other propellants. Instead, it relies on stored energy to launch its payload. This energy can come from tension or torsion, which is built up slowly and manually before being released. The catapult can use springs, bows, twisted rope, elastic, or other materials and mechanisms to store and release this energy.

Catapults have been used in warfare for centuries and have proven to be highly effective. They were used by ancient civilizations like the Greeks, Romans, and Indians. The earliest known catapults date back to at least the 7th century BC. They were mentioned in ancient texts like the Yajurveda and were used by kings like Uzziah of Judah. Greek catapults were invented in the 4th century BC and were used in battles and sieges.

The word "catapult" comes from the Latin word "catapulta," which in turn comes from the Greek word "katapeltēs." Catapults were invented by the ancient Greeks and were also used in ancient India. The word itself means "to toss or hurl downwards." The Greeks and Romans used different types of catapults, such as the ballista, springald, mangonel, onager, and trebuchet. These catapults were used in warfare to launch projectiles like arrows, stones, and even burning objects.

In medieval times, catapults continued to be used as siege weapons against castles and fortified cities. They were used to breach walls and could also launch incendiary missiles or diseased carcasses over the walls. The most commonly used catapults during this period were the ballista, springald, mangonel, onager, and trebuchet. These catapults had different designs and capabilities, but they all served the purpose of launching projectiles.

In modern times, catapults are no longer used in warfare. The last large-scale military use of catapults was during World War I, where they were used to throw hand grenades across no man's land. Catapults are now mainly used for entertainment purposes, such as launching clay targets in clay pigeon shooting or launching human cannonballs in circus acts. They are also used in aircraft carriers to launch planes and in amusement parks for thrill rides.

So, that's the story of the catapult! It's a fascinating device that has been used throughout history for various purposes. From ancient warfare to modern entertainment, the catapult has left its mark. If you want to learn more about catapults, you can check out the links below:

• Aircraft catapult
• List of siege engines
• Mangonel
• Mass driver
• National Catapult Contest
• Sling (weapon)
• SPBG
• Trebuchet